Nutrient Rate Plans by Rotation

Based on ISU Extension recommendations (MRTN approach for nitrogen). Adjust based on YOUR soil test results.

Corn after Soybeans Target: 200 bu/acre

NutrientRateTimingSourceCost/Acre
Nitrogen (N) 150 lbs N/acre Split: 40 lbs at planting, 110 lbs sidedress (V6) Anhydrous ammonia or 28% UAN $78
Phosphorus (P2O5) 50 lbs P2O5/acre (if soil test < 16 ppm) Fall broadcast or spring band MAP (11-52-0) or DAP (18-46-0) $36
Potassium (K2O) 60 lbs K2O/acre (if soil test < 131 ppm) Fall broadcast Potash (0-0-60) $23
Lime Apply if pH < 6.0 Fall — needs 6-12 months to react Ag lime or pelletized lime $25-45 (when needed)
Estimated Total Input Cost: $137-162/acre
Notes & Tips

N: Soybean credit: ~45 lbs N/acre already in soil. ISU recommends MRTN approach.

P: Skip if soil test is Optimum or higher. Maintenance rate only at High.

K: Corn removes ~0.27 lbs K2O per bushel. Test every 4 years.

Lime: One application lasts 4-6 years. Critical for nutrient availability.

Corn after Corn (Continuous) Target: 190 bu/acre

NutrientRateTimingSourceCost/Acre
Nitrogen (N) 190 lbs N/acre Split: 50 lbs at planting, 140 lbs sidedress Anhydrous ammonia $101
Phosphorus (P2O5) 50 lbs P2O5/acre Fall or spring MAP or DAP $36
Potassium (K2O) 60 lbs K2O/acre Fall broadcast Potash (0-0-60) $23
Lime Apply if pH < 6.0 Fall Ag lime $25-45 (when needed)
Estimated Total Input Cost: $160-205/acre
Notes & Tips

N: No soybean credit. Higher rate needed. MRTN for continuous corn in Iowa: 180-200 lbs.

P: Same as rotation corn if soil tests warrant.

K: Higher stover means more K removal. Consider stover management.

Lime: Anhydrous ammonia acidifies soil faster in continuous corn.

Soybeans Target: 55 bu/acre

NutrientRateTimingSourceCost/Acre
Nitrogen (N) 0 lbs (soybeans fix their own N) N/A Rhizobium bacteria on roots $0
Phosphorus (P2O5) 45 lbs P2O5/acre (if soil test < 16 ppm) Fall broadcast MAP or DAP $32
Potassium (K2O) 90 lbs K2O/acre Fall broadcast Potash (0-0-60) $35
Lime Apply if pH < 6.0 Fall prior Ag lime $25-45 (when needed)
Estimated Total Input Cost: $67-112/acre
Notes & Tips

N: Do NOT apply nitrogen to soybeans. Waste of money and can reduce nodulation.

P: Soybeans respond well to P. Critical for root development.

K: Soybeans remove 1.2 lbs K2O per bushel — they're heavy K users.

Lime: Soybeans are sensitive to low pH. Nodulation suffers below 6.0.

Always Soil Test First

These are general recommendations. Your fields are unique. A $10-15/acre soil test every 3-4 years prevents thousands in wasted fertilizer. ISU recommends grid sampling at 2.5-acre grids for variable-rate application.

ISU Cost of Production Calculator

Iowa Water Quality & Conservation

The Iowa Water Quality Challenge

Conservation Practices That Pay for Themselves

PracticeN ReductionP ReductionCostIncentive
Cover Crops 25-40% 15-25% $25-40/acre Iowa PFI cost-share, EQIP payments
No-Till / Strip-Till 5-15% 30-50% $0-10/acre savings EQIP, CSP
Nitrogen Management (MRTN) 10-20% N/A Saves $10-25/acre None — just good economics
Saturated Buffers 40-90% Minimal $5,000-8,000 install EQIP: up to 75% cost-share
Bioreactors (Woodchip) 20-50% Minimal $8,000-12,000 install EQIP: up to 75% cost-share
Wetlands (Constructed) 40-70% 30-50% $50,000-150,000 CREP, EQIP, RCPP
Grassed Waterways 5-10% 40-60% $3-5/linear foot EQIP, CRP
Cover Crops — Details
Cereal rye is the most common in Iowa. Plant after harvest, terminate before planting.
No-Till / Strip-Till — Details
Reduces erosion dramatically. Strip-till is a good compromise for Iowa conditions.
Nitrogen Management (MRTN) — Details
ISU's MRTN calculator finds the economically optimal N rate. Most farmers over-apply.
Saturated Buffers — Details
Diverts tile drainage through a buffer strip. Low maintenance after install.
Bioreactors (Woodchip) — Details
Woodchip-filled trench treats tile drainage water. Lasts 15-20 years.
Wetlands (Constructed) — Details
Highest impact but highest cost. Excellent for targeting watershed outlets.
Grassed Waterways — Details
Primary benefit is erosion and phosphorus control, not nitrogen.

Compliance & Regulatory Notes

Free Tools

ISU MRTN Nitrogen Calculator Iowa Nutrient Reduction Tracker FarmHub Soil Lookup Conservation Grant Finder